Basic
commands
· [ctr]-x then [ctr]-c Quit.
·
· [ctr]-x then [ctr]-f Load file.
·
· [ctr]-x then [ctr]-s Save file.
·
· [ctr]-x then [ctr]-b List buffers.
·
· [ctr]-x then b Go to the next buffer.
·
· [ctr]-v List forward.
·
· [esc]-v List backward.
·
· [ctr]-p Go one line up.
·
· [ctr]-b Go one symbol left.
·
· [ctr]-n Go one line down.
·
· [ctr]-f Go one symbol right.
·
· [esc]-f Go one word right.
·
· [esc]-b Go one word left.
·
· [ctr]-a Go to the beginning of line.
·
· [esc]-< Go to the beginning of file.
·
· [ctr]-x then 2 Split screen in two.
·
· [ctr]-x then 1 Leave just the current window.
·
· [ctr]-x then o Switch to other window.
·
· [ctr]-s Search forward.
·
· [ctr]-r Search backward.
·
· [ctr]-k Deletes line from marker to end of line.
·
· [ctr]-d Delete one char under the cursor.
·
· [ctr]-l Refresh the screen.
·
· [ctr]-y Paste recently deleted symbols.
·
· [ctr]-SPACE Push point.
·
· [ctr]-w Kill region (between point and cursor).
·
· [esc]-w Copy region into the kill buffer
·
· [ctr]-x [ctr]-x Interchange cursor and point.
·
C
= Control
M = Meta = Alt|Esc
Basics
C-x C-f "find" file i.e. open/create a file in buffer
C-x C-s save the file
C-x C-w write the text to an alternate name
C-x C-v find alternate file
C-x i insert file at cursor position
C-x b create/switch buffers
C-x C-b show buffer list
C-x k kill buffer
C-z suspend emacs
C-X C-c close down emacs
Basic movement
C-f forward char
C-b backward char
C-p previous line
C-n next line
M-f forward one word
M-b backward one word
C-a beginning of line
C-e end of line
C-v one page up
M-v scroll down one page
M-< beginning of text
M-> end of text
Editing
M-n repeat the following command n times
C-u repeat the following command 4 times
C-u n repeat n times
C-d delete a char
M-d delete word
M-Del delete word backwards
C-k kill line
C-Space Set beginning mark (for region marking for example)
C-W "kill" (delete) the marked region region
M-W copy the marked region
C-y "yank" (paste) the copied/killed region/line
M-y yank earlier text (cycle through kill buffer)
C-x C-x exchange cursor and mark
C-t transpose two chars
M-t transpose two words
C-x C-t transpose lines
M-u make letters uppercase in word from cursor position to end
M-c simply make first letter in word uppercase
M-l opposite to M-u
Important
C-g quit the running/entered command
C-x u undo previous action
M-x revert-buffer RETURN (insert like this) undo all changes since last save
M-x recover-file RETURN Recover text from an autosave-file
M-x recover-session RETURN if you edited several files
Online-Help
C-h c which command does this keystroke invoke
C-h k which command does this keystroke invoke and what does it do?
C-h l what were my last 100 typed keys
C-h w what key-combo does this command have?
C-h f what does this function do
C-h v what's this variable and what is it's value
C-h b show all keycommands for this buffer
C-h t start the emacs tutorial
C-h i start the info reader
C-h C-k start up info reader and go to a certain key-combo point
C-h F show the emacs FAQ
C-h p show infos about the Elisp package on this machine
Search/Replace
C-s Search forward
C-r search backward
C-g return to where search started (if you are still in search mode)
M-% query replace
M = Meta = Alt|Esc
Basics
C-x C-f "find" file i.e. open/create a file in buffer
C-x C-s save the file
C-x C-w write the text to an alternate name
C-x C-v find alternate file
C-x i insert file at cursor position
C-x b create/switch buffers
C-x C-b show buffer list
C-x k kill buffer
C-z suspend emacs
C-X C-c close down emacs
Basic movement
C-f forward char
C-b backward char
C-p previous line
C-n next line
M-f forward one word
M-b backward one word
C-a beginning of line
C-e end of line
C-v one page up
M-v scroll down one page
M-< beginning of text
M-> end of text
Editing
M-n repeat the following command n times
C-u repeat the following command 4 times
C-u n repeat n times
C-d delete a char
M-d delete word
M-Del delete word backwards
C-k kill line
C-Space Set beginning mark (for region marking for example)
C-W "kill" (delete) the marked region region
M-W copy the marked region
C-y "yank" (paste) the copied/killed region/line
M-y yank earlier text (cycle through kill buffer)
C-x C-x exchange cursor and mark
C-t transpose two chars
M-t transpose two words
C-x C-t transpose lines
M-u make letters uppercase in word from cursor position to end
M-c simply make first letter in word uppercase
M-l opposite to M-u
Important
C-g quit the running/entered command
C-x u undo previous action
M-x revert-buffer RETURN (insert like this) undo all changes since last save
M-x recover-file RETURN Recover text from an autosave-file
M-x recover-session RETURN if you edited several files
Online-Help
C-h c which command does this keystroke invoke
C-h k which command does this keystroke invoke and what does it do?
C-h l what were my last 100 typed keys
C-h w what key-combo does this command have?
C-h f what does this function do
C-h v what's this variable and what is it's value
C-h b show all keycommands for this buffer
C-h t start the emacs tutorial
C-h i start the info reader
C-h C-k start up info reader and go to a certain key-combo point
C-h F show the emacs FAQ
C-h p show infos about the Elisp package on this machine
Search/Replace
C-s Search forward
C-r search backward
C-g return to where search started (if you are still in search mode)
M-% query replace
Space or y replace this
occurence
Del or n don't replace
. only replace this and exit (replace)
, replace and pause (resume with Space or y)
! replace all following occurences
^ back to previous match
RETURN or q quit replace
Del or n don't replace
. only replace this and exit (replace)
, replace and pause (resume with Space or y)
! replace all following occurences
^ back to previous match
RETURN or q quit replace
Search/Replace with regular expressions
Characters to use in regular expressions:
^ beginning of line
$ end of line
. single char
.* group or null of chars
\< beginning of a word
\> end of a word
[] every char inside the backets (for example [a-z] means every small letter)
M C-s RETURN search for regular expression forward
M C-r RETURN search for regular expression backward
M C-s incremental search
C-s repeat incremental search
M C-r incremental search backwards
C-r repeat backwards
M-x query-replace-regexp search and replace
Window-Commands
C-x 2 split window vertically
C-x o change to other window
C-x 0 delete window
C-x 1 close all windows except the one the cursors in
C-x ^ enlarge window
M-x shrink-window command says it ;-)
M C-v scroll other window
C-x 4 f find file in other window
C-x 4 o change to other window
C-x 4 0 kill buffer and window
C-x 5 2 make new frame
C-x 5 f find file in other frame
C-x 5 o change to other frame
C-x 5 0 close this frame
Bookmark commands
C-x r m set a bookmark at current cursor pos
C-x r b jump to bookmark
M-x bookmark-rename says it
M-x bookmark-delete "
M-x bookmark-save "
C-x r l list bookmarks
d mark bookmark for deletion
r rename bookmark
s save all listed bookmarks
f show bookmark the cursor is over
m mark bookmarks to be shown in multiple window
v show marked bookmarks (or the one the cursor is over)
t toggle listing of the corresponding paths
w " path to this file
x delete marked bookmarks
Del ?
q quit bookmark list
r rename bookmark
s save all listed bookmarks
f show bookmark the cursor is over
m mark bookmarks to be shown in multiple window
v show marked bookmarks (or the one the cursor is over)
t toggle listing of the corresponding paths
w " path to this file
x delete marked bookmarks
Del ?
q quit bookmark list
M-x bookmark-write write all bookmarks in given file
M-x bookmark-load load bookmark from given file
Shell
M-x shell starts shell modus
C-c C-c same as C-c under unix (stop running job)
C-d delete char forward
C-c C-d Send EOF
C-c C-z suspend job (C-z under unix)
M-p show previous commands
DIRectory EDitor (dired)
C-x d start up dired
C (large C) copy
d mark for erase
D delete right away
e or f open file or directory
g reread directory structure from file
G change group permissions (chgrp)
k delete line from listing on screen (don't actually delete)
m mark with *
n move to next line
o open file in other window and go there
C-o open file in other window but don't change there
P print file
q quit dired
Q do query-replace in marked files
R rename file
u remove mark
v view file content
x delete files marked with D
z compress file
M-Del remove all marks (whatever kind)
~ mark backup files (name~ files) for deletion
# mark auto-save files (#name#) for deletion
*/ mark directory with * (C-u * removes that mark again)
= compare this file with marked file
M-= compare this file with it's backup file
! apply shell command to this file
M-} change to the next file marked with * od D
M-{ " previous "
% d mark files described through regular expression for deletion
% m " (with *)
+ create directory
> changed to next dir
< change to previous dir
s toggle between sorting by name or date
Maybe into this category also fits this command:
M-x speedbar starts up a separate window with a directory view
Telnet
M-x telnet starts up telnet-modus
C-d either delete char or send EOF
C-c C-c stop running job (similar to C-c under unix)
C-c C-d send EOF
C-c C-o clear output of last command
C-c C-z suspend execution of command
C-c C-u kill line backwards
M-p recall previous command
Text
Works only in text mode
M-s center line
M-S center paragraph
M-x center-region name says
Macro-commands
C-x ( start macro definition
C-x ) end of macro definition
C-x e execute last definied macro
M-n C-x e execute last defined macro n times
M-x name-last-kbd-macro give name to macro (for saving)
M-x insert-keyboard-macro save named macro into file
M-x load-file load macro
M-x macroname execute macroname
Programming
M C-\ indent region between cursor and mark
M-m move to first (non-space) char in this line
M-^ attach this line to previous
M-; formatize and indent comment
C, C++ and Java Modes
M-a beginning of statement
M-e end of statement
M C-a beginning of function
M C-e end of function
C-c RETURN Set cursor to beginning of function and mark at the end
C-c C-q indent the whole function according to indention style
C-c C-a toggle modus in which after electric signs (like {}:';./*) emacs does the indention
C-c C-d toggle auto hungry mode in which emacs deletes groups of spaces with one del-press
C-c C-u go to beginning of this preprocessor statement
C-c C-c comment out marked area
More general (I guess)
M-x outline-minor-mode collapses function definitions in a file to a mere {...}
M-x show-subtree If you are in one of the collapsed functions, this un-collapses it
In order to achive some of the feats coming up now you have to run etags *.c *.h *.cpp (or what ever ending you source files have) in the source directory
M-. (Thats Meta dot) If you are in a function call, this will take you to it's definition
M-x tags-search ENTER Searches through all you etaged
M-, (Meta comma) jumps to the next occurence for tags-search
M-x tags-query-replace yum. This lets you replace some text in all the tagged files
GDB (Debugger)
M-x gdb starts up gdm in an extra window
Version Control
C-x v d show all registered files in this dir
C-x v = show diff between versions
C-x v u remove all changes since last checkin
C-x v ~ show certain version in different window
C-x v l print log
C-x v i mark file for version control add
C-x v h insert version control header into file
C-x v r check out named snapshot
C-x v s create named snapshot
C-x v a create changelog file in gnu-style
Help Commands
|
*
|
C-h
|
help-command:
first character in lots of useful help commands
|
|
*
|
C-h t
|
help-with-tutorial:
command to run the tutorial
|
|
|
C-h i
|
information:
describes most of the emacs
commands in man
style pages
|
|
|
C-h k
|
describe-key:
tells you what a particular key stroke does
|
|
*
|
C-h a
|
command-apropos:
prompts for a string and
then searches for all emacs commands that contains that string |
|
|
ESC ?
|
also
does command-apropos
|
|
*
|
C-h ?
|
help-for-help:
describes how to use the help facilities
|
File Reading and Writing Commands
|
*
|
C-x C-f
|
find-file:
first prompts for a filename and
then loads that file into a editor buffer of the same name |
|
*
|
C-x C-s
|
save-buffer:
saves the buffer into the associated filename
|
|
|
C-x C-w
|
write-named-file:
prompts for a new filename and writes the buffer into it
|
Cursor/Screen Movement Commands
Depending on the
terminal, some of the cursor movement can be handled by the arrow keys.
|
*
|
C-a
|
move
cursor to (at) beginning-of-line
|
|
|
C-e
|
move
cursor to end-of-line
|
|
*
|
C-f
|
move
cursor forward one character
|
|
*
|
C-b
|
move
cursor backward one character
|
|
*
|
C-n
|
move
cursor to next line
|
|
*
|
C-p
|
move
cursor to previous line
|
|
|
C-v
|
scroll
file forward by one screenful
|
|
|
ESC v
|
scroll
file backward by one screenful
|
|
*
|
ESC <
|
go
to beginning-of-buffer
|
|
*
|
ESC >
|
go
to end-of-buffer
|
|
|
ESC f
|
move
cursor forward one word
|
|
|
ESC b
|
move
cursor backward one word
|
Copy and Delete Commands
|
|
C-d
|
delete-char:
delete character under cursor
|
|
|
ESC d
|
delete-word:
delete from cursor to end of word immediately ahead of the cursor
|
|
*
|
C-k
|
kill-line:
delete the rest of the current line
|
|
*
|
C-@
|
set-mark-command:
mark is used to indicate the beginning of an area of text to be yanked
|
|
*
|
C-w
|
kill-region:
delete the area of text between the mark and the current cursor position
|
|
*
|
C-y
|
yank:
insert at current cursor location whatever was most recently deleted
|
|
|
ESC w
|
copy-region-as-kill:
copy area between mark and cursor into kill-buffer
so that it can be yanked into someplace else |
Search Commands
|
*
|
C-s
|
isearch-forward:
prompts for text string and
then searches from the current cursor position forwards in the buffer |
|
|
C-r
|
isearch-backward:
like isearch-forward,
but searches from the current cursor position to end of buffer for text string |
|
|
ESC %
|
query-replace:
prompts for a search string and
a string with which to replace the search string |
Window and Buffer Commands
|
|
C-x 0
|
zero-window:
deletes current window
|
|
|
C-x 2
|
double-window:
splits current window into two parts,
allowing you to edit at two different locations in the same file or permitting you to view two different files at the same time |
|
|
C-x b
|
switch-to-buffer:
display a different buffer on the screen
|
|
|
C-x o
|
other-window:
move the cursor to the other window
(assuming that you have two windows/buffers open at once |
|
*
|
C-x C-b
|
list-buffers:
lists those buffers currently loaded into emacs
|
Exiting Emacs,
Fixing Mistakes and Other Important Stuff
|
*
|
C-x C-c
|
save-buffers-kill-emacs:
when you are finished editing,
to save the edited but unsaved buffers and to return you to the UNIX prompt |
|
*
|
C-g
|
keyboard-quit:
if while typing a command you make a mistake and want to stop,
this aborts a command in progress |
|
|
C-u
|
universal-argument:
if you want to do a command several times,
type this command followed by a number (for the number of times) followed by the command you wish repeated |
|
*
|
C-x u
|
undo:
undoes the last command typed, in case you made a mistake
|
|
*
|
ESC x
|
execute-extended-command:
prompts for the name of an emacs
command;
allows you to execute a command if you know roughly what it is called but cannot remember the key strokes for it |
