Unix Commands

.

6.3. Automating Tasks

Create a Makefile pico Makefile

A makefile consists of macro definitions and targets.

Test Makefile make -n [target]

Run make make [target]

6.4. Managing Disk Usage

Check Quota quota -v

Seeing Disk Usage df

du -s

6.5. Combining and Compressing Files

Create a tarfile tar cf file.tar file1 file2 … fileN

tar combines files but does not compress

Create a zipfile zip filename

Unzip a file unzip filename

7. Printing

7.1 Formatting Output for Printing

Paginate with Page Headers pr filename

in n columns pr -n filename

Format for Laser Printer tex document

7.2 The Printer Queue

Print a File lp [-dpr] filename

lpcae filename

Check Quota lpquot

List Queue lpq

Stop Job lprm

8. Miscellaneous

8.1 Miscellaneous Commands

List Commands for Subject man -k subject

Display Current Date and Time date

Log off exit

Electronic Mail pine

Display Documentation man command

8.2 Control Keys

Abort Program CTRL-C

Backspace (Delete Last Character) CTRL-H

Pause Display on Screen CTRL-S

Resume Display after CTRL-S CTRL-Q

Send Job to Background CTRL-Z followed by bg

Unix Commands

Modifiers

Print Command Line :p

Substitute Command Line :[g]s/l/r/

3.2 Aliases

alias Command alias name 'definition'

definition can contain escaped history substitution event

and

word designators as placeholders for command-line arguments.

3.3. Variable Substitution

Creating a Variable set var

Assigning a Value set var = value

Expressing a Value $var

Displaying a Value echo $var

value is a single word, an expression in quotes, or an

expression that results in a single word after variable,

filename and command substitution takes place.

Assigning a List set var = (list)

list is a space-separated list of words, or an expression that

results in a space-separated list.

Selecting the n'th Item $var[n]

Selecting all Items $var

Selecting a Range $var[x-y]

Item Count $#var

3.4 foreach Lists

Start foreach Loop foreach var (list)

foreach prompts for commands to repeat for each item in

list (with >), until you type end. Within the loop, $var

stands for the current item in list.

3.5. Command Substitution

Replace Command with its Output on Command Line `…`

3.6 Job Control

Run Command in the Background &

Stop Foreground Job CTRL-Z

List of Background Jobs jobs

Bring Job Forward %[n]

Resume Job in Background %[n] &

4. Processes

Listing ps [-[ef]]

Terminating kill [-9] PID

Timing time command

time is a number up to 4 digits. script is the name of a file

containing the command line(s) to perform.

5. Users

Seeing Who is Logged In who

w

Seeing Your User Name whoami